Now the general is the bulwark of the State: if the bulwark is complete at all points; the State will be strong; if the bulwark is defective, the State will be weak.

In this quote, Sun Tzu highlights the crucial role of leadership—specifically that of the general—as the protective barrier or "bulwark" of the state. The metaphor underscores the idea that a strong and effective leader is essential for the stability and strength of a nation or organization. If the leadership is comprehensive and resilient, the state can withstand external pressures and internal challenges. Conversely, if there are shortcomings in leadership, the consequences can lead to vulnerability and instability. This concept can be applied to various modern situations, both in military contexts and in organizational leadership. In the corporate world, for instance, a CEO or executive team acts as the bulwark for the company. If the leadership is clear in its vision and operates with integrity, the organization is more likely to thrive, fostering a culture of trust and resilience within the workforce. However, if there are gaps in communication, inconsistent strategies, or ethical lapses, the organization becomes susceptible to crises, employee dissatisfaction, and market competition. Additionally, in societal governance, elected officials serve as the bulwark for their communities. A leader who prioritizes transparency, public welfare, and justice strengthens the fabric of society. When such leaders falter or become disconnected from the needs of their constituents, the civil structure can weaken, leading to unrest and disillusionment. In summary, Sun Tzu’s assertion serves as a timeless reminder of the importance of effective leadership in safeguarding the integrity and health of any entity—be it a state, a corporation, or a community. The completeness and competence of its leaders ultimately determine the strength and resilience of the whole.